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Judas' Ear – for the Heart and Circulatory System

Auricularia auricula judae – Judas’s ear – Kikurage – Senji – Wood ear – Máo mù’ěr

Although A. auricula judae and A. polytricha are two different species, they belong to the same genus, Auricularia, and share most of their active compounds and therapeutic effects.

Bioactive ingredients

Adenosine – The Cardiovascular Regulator

High adenosine content – Broad spectrum of activity:

Antiplatelet – Prevention of platelet aggregation

Anxiolytic – anxiety-relieving effect

Vasodilatory – Vessel-widening effect

Anti-inflammatory – Reduction of inflammatory processes

Polyphenols – The Antioxidants

High polyphenol content – dual action:

Antioxidant – Protection against free radicals

Cholesterol-lowering – Regulation of lipid metabolism

AAPs (Auricularia auricula Polysaccharides) – The Versatile Healer

Water-soluble fraction – Broad spectrum of activity:

Anticoagulant – Anticoagulant effect

Cardioprotective and cardiotonic – heart protection through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects

Cholesterol-lowering – Regulation of lipid metabolism

Immunomodulatory – Regulation of the immune response

Antitumor – Cancer-fighting properties

Antibacterial – Protection against pathogenic bacteria

Blood sugar-lowering – Glucose regulation

β-D-glucans – Immune system boosters

High β-D-glucan content (water-insoluble fraction):

Biological Response Modifier (BRM) – Antitumor Effect

Phospholipids – The Building Blocks of Cell Membranes

Cephalin and sphingomyelin – essential cell membrane components:

Supports the nervous system – Especially important for nerve tissue

Glucuronic acid – The anticoagulant

Anticoagulant – Anticoagulant effect

Terpenes – The Pain Relievers

Analgesic – Pain-relieving effect

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) – The bronchitis fighter

Supports respiratory health – Effective for chronic bronchitis

Fibrinolytic enzymes – Blood thinners

Nattokinase, urokinase, streptokinase from A. polytricha:

Fibrinolytic – Dissolution of blood clots

Nutritional Profile – The Vital Package

Macronutrients (per 100 g):

Protein: 12.5 g

Fat: 1.7 g

Total carbohydrates: 66.1 g

Water-soluble polysaccharides: 10.2 g

Ash: 3.6 g

Therapeutic Applications

Cardiovascular Diseases – The Heart Protector

Thrombosis prevention:

Prevention of Myocardial Infarction – Antioxidant, Antithrombotic, and Cardioprotective Effects in Animal Studies

Protection Against Ischemic Stroke – Vascular Protective Properties

Combating Atherosclerosis – Evidence from In Vivo Mouse Studies

Improving blood circulation:

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) – Improving Blood Flow

Intermittent claudication – Almost as effective as aspirin, but without side effects

Mucosal protection and improved blood circulation – The Mucosal Healer

Mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract:

Gastritis and Colitis – Anti-inflammatory Effects

Hemorrhoids – Improving Blood Circulation and Promoting Healing

Constipation – Evidence from clinical trials

Respiratory tract mucous membranes:

Bronchitis, sore throat, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis – Comprehensive respiratory support

Cough – Cough Relief

Metabolic Disorders – The Metabolic Regulator

Hyperlipidemia:

Regulation of lipid metabolism – efficacy confirmed in animal studies

Type 2 diabetes mellitus:

Pancreatic Regulation – Balancing Pancreatic Enzyme Secretion

Glycogen Regulation – Enhancing Glycogen Production and Storage

Blood Sugar Management – Better Control of Hypoglycemia and Diabetes

Hypertension:

Lowering Blood Pressure – Cardiovascular Regulation

Complementary Cancer Treatment – The Tumor Fighter

Gastrointestinal Cancer Specialist:

Improved clinical efficacy – Increased treatment effectiveness in colorectal, hepatocellular, gastric, pancreatic, and esophageal cancers

Improving immune function – boosting the immune system without increasing side effects

Hepatocellular carcinoma – Particularly effective for liver cancer

Other types of cancer:

Liver and Stomach Cancer – In Vitro Efficacy

Breast Cancer – In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments in Mice

Sarcom-180 – Efficacy against solid tumors in tumor-bearing mice

Lung Cancer – In Vitro Activity

Autoimmune Diseases – The Autoimmune Regulator

Sjögren's syndrome:

Relief from dryness – Improvement of dry skin, eyes, tear ducts, and mouth

Rheumatoid arthritis:

Joint support – Anti-inflammatory effect

Wound Healing – The Skin Regenerator

UV Protection and Healing:

Repair of UVB Damage – Antioxidant Effects on UV-Damaged Skin

Promoting collagen production – Supporting skin regeneration

Stimulation of cell proliferation – Promotion of fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation, migration, and invasion

Traditional Uses – Knowledge Dating Back Thousands of Years

Bleeding Control – The Hemostatic Agent

Hemostatic:

Hemorrhoidal Bleeding – Local Hemostasis

Uterine Bleeding – Gynecological Care

Energy Restoration – The Energy Booster

Physical and mental energy:

Energy Replenishment – Boosting Mental and Physical Energy

Postpartum Recovery – Restoring Energy After Childbirth

Respiratory Support – The Lung Nourisher

Respiratory support:

Treatment for Strep Throat – Relief from Sore Throat

Dry cough – Cough relief

Promoting Blood Flow – Improving Overall Circulation

Vascular Diseases – The Vein Specialist

Postpartum thrombophlebitis – Treatment of venous inflammation after childbirth

Musculoskeletal System – The Muscle and Joint Relaxant

Inflammatory diseases:

Chronic neck and back pain – Long-term pain relief

Muscle pain, tendonitis, arthritis – Comprehensive musculoskeletal support

Relief from muscle tension:

Neck, Back, and Shoulder Pain – Targeted Relief from Tension

Headaches, tinnitus – Relief of symptoms caused by poor circulation

Menstrual cramps – Antispasmodic effect

Eye Health – The Eye Healer

Eye diseases:

Infections and styes – Local antimicrobial effect

Dry eyes – Moisture regulation

Other traditional uses

Jaundice – Liver Support

Anxiety and Insomnia – Calming the Nervous System

Skin Care – Moisturizing Effect

Safety considerations

Szechwan Purpura – A Rare Reaction

Sichuan Restaurant Syndrome:

Symptoms – Spotty bruises on the face the day after eating wood ear mushrooms

High-risk group – White women are particularly vulnerable

Pregnancy and the Desire to Have Children – Special Precautions

Implantation inhibition:

Reproductive effects – Potential inhibition of implantation in animals

Precaution – Pregnant women or women planning to become pregnant should avoid consuming this product

References

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  3. Rogers, RD. The Mushroom Pharmacy: The Complete Guide to Medicinal Mushrooms and Lichens of North America. Berkeley, California: North Atlantic Books; 2011. 591 pp.
  4. Bianchi I, Marrocchesi R. Healing with Medicinal Mushrooms: Therapeutic Properties and Instructions for Use of the 12 Most Important Medicinal Mushrooms. Treviso: Editoriale Programma; 2015.
  5. Haertel B, Rimböck M, Neuerer T. Medicinal Mushrooms: Modulating, Restorative, and Strengthening. Salzburg: Druckerei Roser GmbH; 2019.
  6. Yu X, Wang R, Lai B, Tan M. Effects of Auricularia auricula fermentation broth on the liver and stomach of mice with acute alcoholism. Food Funct. January 7, 2021; 12(1):191–202.
  7. Bandara A. An overview of the content of polysaccharides, proteins, and selected nutrients in Auricularia and their potential pharmacological value. Mycosphere. 2019;10(1):579–607.
  8. Badalyan SM, Barkhudaryan A, Rapior S. Recent advances in research on the pharmacological potential of mushrooms and prospects for their clinical application. In: Agrawal DC, Dhanasekaran M, eds. Medicinal Mushrooms [Internet]. Singapore: Springer Singapore; 2019 [cited 2021 Dec 27]. pp. 1–70. Available at: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-13-6382-5_1
  9. Xiao B, Chen S, Huang Q, Zeng J, Zhang Y. Production of polysaccharides from the wood ear mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (Agaricomycetes) using neutral protease and their antioxidant stress capacity. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2021;23(5):41–53.
  10. Mapoung S, Umsumarng S, Semmarath W, et al. Skin wound-healing potential of polysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.). J Fungi (Basel). March 25, 2021;7(4):247.
  11. Ibe V, Ihim SA, Ikegbunam M, Ugwu M, Nworu CS. Effect of the Nigerian edible and medicinal mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (Agaricomycetes) on humoral and cellular immunity. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2020;22(5):467–78.
  12. Guthmann, J. Healing Mushrooms: The World’s Most Important Species: Description – Components – Effects. 2nd, updated and expanded edition. Wiebelsheim: Quelle & Meyer Verlag; 2021. 446 pp.
  13. Cephalin [Internet]. [Cited January 18, 2022]. Available at: https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Cephalin.html
  14. Sphingomyelin. In: Wikipedia [Internet]. 2021 [cited January 18, 2022]. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sphingomyelin&oldid=1058433295
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  16. Mohamed Ali S, Ling TC, Muniandy S, et al. Recovery and partial purification of fibrinolytic enzymes from Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc using an aqueous two-phase system. Separation and Purification Technology. February 2014;122:359–66.
  17. Kadnikova IA, Costa R, Kalenik TK, Guruleva ON, Shi Yanguo. Chemical composition and nutritional value of the mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2015;3(8):478–82.
  18. Rebensburg, P., & Kappl, A. Healthy with Medicinal Mushrooms: Strengthening the Immune System, Healing Illnesses, and Relieving Ailments. Munich: riva; 2020. 271 pp.
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  20. Zhang Y, Li X, Yang Q, et al. Antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from Auricularia auricularis residue. Chem Biol Interact. January 5, 2021;333:109323.
  21. Ma Y, Wang C, Zhang Q, et al. The effect of polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula (Huaier) in the adjuvant treatment of gastrointestinal cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res. June 2018;132:80–9.
  22. Ping Z, Xu H, Liu T, et al. Anticancer activity of rigid branched β-d-glucan and the effects of molecular weight. J Mater Chem B. July 14, 2016; 4(26):4565–73.
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